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US government’s attack on free speech, science, and research is causing a brain drain
How do you create a brain drain and lose your status as eminent destination for scientists and researchers? The United States seems to be sending out questionnaires to researchers at universities and research institutes outside of the United States, asking them about their political leanings. Dutch universities are strongly advising Dutch researches not to respond … ⌘ Read more

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Hi! i’m a paralyzed cat. When i was just one month old, i was attacked by a dog or a human and my spine was broken. This is how meowmy found me and adopted. Meowmy always helps me with difficulties in my daily lifeRead more

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FOSS infrastructure is under attack by AI companies
What do SourceHut, GNOME’s GitLab, and KDE’s GitLab have in common, other than all three of them being forges? Well, it turns out all three of them have been dealing with immense amounts of traffic from “AI” scrapers, who are effectively performing DDoS attacks with such ferocity it’s bringing down the infrastructures of these major open source projects. Being open source, and thus publicly accessible, means these scrapers have … ⌘ Read more

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C++ creator calls for help to defend programming language from ‘serious attacks’
Bjarne Stroustrup, creator of C++, has issued a call for the C++ community to defend the programming language, which has been shunned by cybersecurity agencies and technical experts in recent years for its memory safety shortcomings. C and C++ are built around manual memory management, which can result in memory safety errors, such as out of bounds reads and writes, though bo … ⌘ Read more

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10 Most Effective Surprise Attacks in Military History
The surprise attack has been a cornerstone of military strategy throughout most of human history. While true surprise attacks are a little more difficult to coordinate on a mass scale in the modern age of warfare, they remain reference points for how to conduct the most effective kind of military campaign: the kind that minimizes […]

The post [10 Most Effective Surprise Attacks in Military History](https://listverse.com/20 … ⌘ Read more

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AI bots paralyze Linux news site and others
Apparently, since the beginning of the year, AI bots have been ensuring that websites can only respond to regular inquiries with a delay. The founder of Linux Weekly News (LWN-net), Jonathan Corbet, reports that the news site is therefore often slow to respond. The AI scraper bots cause a DDoS, a distributed denial-of-service attack. At times, the AI bots would clog the lines with hundreds of IP addresses simultaneously as soon as they decided … ⌘ Read more

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(#tw5ulrq) @bender@bender you’re right the scale wasn’t that large, but analyzing the logs. It definitely was a detox attack. 🤣 I woke up …
@bender you’re right the scale wasn’t that large, but analyzing the logs. It definitely was a detox attack. 🤣 I woke up this morning to see six other small spikes like this which I’ll have to analyze later tonight… ⌘ Read more

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**So I need to figure out how to block ASN(s)…

Additionally, I’ thinking of; How to detect DDoS attachs?

Here’s one way I’ve come up that’s qu …**
So I need to figure out how to block ASN(s)…

Additionally, I’ thinking of; How to detect DDoS attachs?

Here’s one way I’ve come up that’s quite simple:

Detecting DDoS attacks by tracking requests across multiple IPs in a sliding window. If total requests exceed a threshold in a given time, flag as potential DDoS. ⌘ Read more

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(#mgmtiha) @movq I was using Cloudflare primarily for 3 reasons: 1) For hosting DNS records 2) For reverse proxying into my infra’s services and …
@movq @www.uninformativ.de I was using Cloudflare primarily for 3 reasons: 1) For hosting DNS records 2) For reverse proxying into my infra’s services and 3) As a layer of defense against DDoS attacks or stupid misbehaving bots. I’m still using Cloudflare for 1) but 2/3 are now done entirely by something I’ve … ⌘ Read more

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One thing I’ve learned over the many years now (approaching a decade and a half now) about self-hosting is two things; 1) There are many “assh …
One thing I’ve learned over the many years now ( approaching a decade and a half now) about self-hosting is two things; 1) There are many “assholes” on the open Internet that will either attack your stuff or are incompetent and write stupid shit™ that goes crazy on your stuff 2) You have to be careful about resources, especially memory and disk i/o. Especially disk i/o. this can kill your … ⌘ Read more

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(#ywl4paq) Ahh I see what I’ve done. That was a bit unfortunate 🤣 Because git.mills.io was a non-proxied DNS entry so that Git+SSH would al …
Ahh I see what I’ve done. That was a bit unfortunate 🤣 Because git.mills.io was a non-proxied DNS entry so that Git+SSH would also work, I now have a problem hmm. How not to expose my IP(s) directly and open them up to attack? 🤔 ⌘ Read more

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Well that was fun! 🤩 I was being attacked directly (bypasses Cloudflare somehow) and whatever dafuq that was was killing my ingress and cau …
Well that was fun! 🤩 I was being attacked directly ( bypasses Cloudflare somehow) and whatever dafuq that was was killing my ingress and causing it to get OOM killed 😱 I was seeing 100s of requests per second!!! 😱 ⌘ Read more

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What is zero trust authorization?
Member post originally published on Cerbos’s blog by Twain Taylor Traditional security models, which rely on perimeter-based defenses, have proven to be quite inadequate in the face of sophisticated attacks and the growing adoption of cloud… ⌘ Read more

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JMP: CertWatch
As you may have already seen, on October 21st, it was reported that a long-running, successful MITM (Machine-In-The-Middle) attack against jabber.ru had been detected. The nature of this attack was not specific to the XMPP protocol in any way, but it was of special interest to us as members of the XMPP community. This kind of attack relies on being able to present a TLS certificate which anyone trying to connect will accept as valid. In this case, it was done b … ⌘ Read more

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@prologic@twtxt.net Wikipedia claims sha1 is vulnerable to a “chosen-prefix attack”, which I gather means I can write any two twts I like, and then cause them to have the exact same sha1 hash by appending something. I guess a twt ending in random junk might look suspcious, but perhaps the junk could be worked into an image URL like

Image

. If that’s not possible now maybe it will be later.

git only uses sha1 because they’re stuck with it: migrating is very hard. There was an effort to move git to sha256 but I don’t know its status. I think there is progress being made with Game Of Trees, a git clone that uses the same on-disk format.

I can’t imagine any benefit to using sha1, except that maybe some very old software might support sha1 but not sha256.

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@prologic@twtxt.net

There’s a simple reason all the current hashes end in a or q: the hash is 256 bits, the base32 encoding chops that into groups of 5 bits, and 256 isn’t divisible by 5. The last character of the base32 encoding just has that left-over single bit (256 mod 5 = 1).

So I agree with #3 below, but do you have a source for #1, #2 or #4? I would expect any lack of variability in any part of a hash function’s output would make it more vulnerable to attacks, so designers of hash functions would want to make the whole output vary as much as possible.

Other than the divisible-by-5 thing, my current intuition is it doesn’t matter what part you take.

  1. Hash Structure: Hashes are typically designed so that their outputs have specific statistical properties. The first few characters often have more entropy or variability, meaning they are less likely to have patterns. The last characters may not maintain this randomness, especially if the encoding method has a tendency to produce less varied endings.

  2. Collision Resistance: When using hashes, the goal is to minimize the risk of collisions (different inputs producing the same output). By using the first few characters, you leverage the full distribution of the hash. The last characters may not distribute in the same way, potentially increasing the likelihood of collisions.

  3. Encoding Characteristics: Base32 encoding has a specific structure and padding that might influence the last characters more than the first. If the data being hashed is similar, the last characters may be more similar across different hashes.

  4. Use Cases: In many applications (like generating unique identifiers), the beginning of the hash is often the most informative and varied. Relying on the end might reduce the uniqueness of generated identifiers, especially if a prefix has a specific context or meaning.

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